Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor for blood cancers

Acalabrutinib (أكالابروتينيب)

Acalabrutinib is a targeted treatment that blocks a protein needed by some blood-cancer cells to survive and grow. An oncology specialist uses it for selected types of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and lymphoma, alone or with other medicines. It can cause serious bleeding, infection or blood-cell changes, so regular monitoring is required.

This medicine is used under close medical supervision, usually by a specialist. Never start, stop or change it without your doctor.

What it is used for

  • Treating chronic lymphocytic leukaemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma under a specialist plan
  • Treating mantle cell lymphoma in patients who meet the authorised criteria
  • Use alone or in a treatment combination selected by the oncology team

How it is used

  • Take it only as prescribed by the oncology specialist at the regular time set by the team, with or without food
  • Swallow the capsule or tablet whole with water; do not chew, crush, open or dissolve it
  • Do not switch between capsules and tablets yourself because the formulation and acid-medicine instructions can differ
  • If a dose is missed or you vomit after taking it, follow the oncology team's instructions and do not replace it yourself
  • Attend blood and liver tests and follow-up visits, and do not stop treatment before a procedure or because of a side effect unless the team directs

Possible side effects

  • Headache, tiredness or dizziness
  • Diarrhoea, nausea or abdominal pain
  • Bruising or minor bleeding
  • Muscle or joint pain
  • Infection or reduced blood-cell counts

Who should not use it

  • Allergy to acalabrutinib or any ingredient in the product
  • Use of a live vaccine or a strongly interacting medicine without review by the oncology team

Before and while using it

  • Get urgent help for bleeding that does not stop, black stools, vomiting blood, a sudden severe headache or weakness on one side
  • Fever, chills, persistent cough or a painful rash may signal a serious infection or viral reactivation
  • Blood cells or platelets can fall; regular tests are needed and the specialist may adjust the plan
  • Tell the team about palpitations, an irregular pulse, chest pain or breathlessness because abnormal heart rhythm can occur
  • Protect skin from sunlight and report skin changes, as skin cancers and other new cancers can occur during treatment
  • Yellow skin, dark urine or severe upper abdominal pain needs prompt assessment for possible liver injury

Medicine interactions

  • Antifungals, antibiotics, some antiviral and epilepsy medicines, and herbs such as St John's wort can greatly alter its level
  • Anticoagulants, antiplatelets and anti-inflammatory medicines can increase bleeding risk, and warfarin is generally not used with it
  • Acid-reducing medicines can affect absorption of some formulations; follow the pharmacist's instructions for the capsule or tablet
  • Tell the oncology team about every medicine, supplement and vaccine before starting it

Pregnancy and breastfeeding

  • It may harm an unborn baby; tell the oncology team if you are pregnant or could become pregnant, and use the contraception they advise
  • Do not breastfeed during treatment or until the team says it is safe after treatment ends

How to store it

  • Keep it in its original pack as the leaflet directs, away from moisture, heat and children's reach, and return unused medicine to the pharmacy

Get medical help straight away if

  • Your face, lips or tongue swell, or you find it hard to breathe.
  • You get a severe rash, blistering or peeling skin.
  • A side effect worries you or doesn’t go away: contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Questions about this medicine?

Talk to a doctor by video, or send your question by text.

Source: Standard international medicine references

This guide is general information and doesn’t replace advice from your doctor or pharmacist. Don’t start, stop or change a medicine without asking them, and always read the leaflet in the pack.